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Are scented candles bad for you? What the science says

·2 mins

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Are Conventional Candles Harmful? Exploring Safer Alternatives #

Concerns about the safety of conventional candles often stem from the chemical reactions occurring during combustion, along with artificial fragrances and colorants. Paraffin candles are a primary concern as paraffin is a byproduct of petroleum refinement and the most used candle wax worldwide.

Burning paraffin candles releases volatile organic compounds (VOCs) like toluene and benzene. Toluene, a neurotoxin, can cause dizziness and headaches at high exposures, while benzene, a known carcinogen, is linked to respiratory irritations and blood disorders. Also emitted are polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons containing benzene and formaldehyde, another human carcinogen. Studies have shown that candle emissions contribute to poor air quality.

Some candles even emit toxins when unlit. A study found that scented candles could produce formaldehyde concentrations far exceeding safe levels. The risks increase when candles are scented or dyed, as artificial fragrances often contain harmful VOCs like phthalates, linked to various health issues. Unscented candles may also emit toxins, albeit in lower amounts.

Soy, beeswax, or stearin candles are often considered healthier, though burning any material releases particulates or chemicals. Despite paraffin being more polluting, soy or beeswax candles still release VOCs. Essential oils, sometimes perceived as harmless, can alter chemically when burned, potentially causing respiratory issues and containing harmful ingredients.

To minimize health risks while using candles, experts recommend:

  • Opting for candles labeled 100% soy wax, beeswax, or stearin wax.
  • Using wicks made of cotton, wood, or synthetics without metal cores.
  • Choosing unscented or phthalate-free candles.
  • Burning candles in well-ventilated areas.
  • Trimming wicks to reduce smoky emissions.

By carefully selecting candle types and maintaining good ventilation, potential health risks can be managed within the home.